When the airplane was between 100 to 200 ft altitude, it was above the glideslope. >@Ujq7'0#MH-z]Ce~a /TT1 3 0 R Southwest Airlines records indicate that the accident 1Unless otherwise indicated, all times in this report are PST, based on a 24-hour clock, and are taken from the cockpit voice recorder (CVR) transcript. How about a union issue? From a United pilot comes this troubling comment, I Southwest Airlines flight 345, a Boeing 737-700, suffered a nose gear collapse during a hard landing on runway 4 at New York-LaGuardia Airport (LGA), USA. About 3 seconds from touchdown when the airplane was about 27 ft altitude, the captain announced "I got it," indicating that she was taking control of the airplane, and the first officer replied, "ok, you got it." A review of NTSB-investigated accidents by human factors researchers found that about 75% of accidents were the result of plan continuation errors in which the crew continued an approach despite cues that suggested it should not be continued. The airplane touched down at a descent rate of 960 ft per minute and a nose-down pitch attitude of -3.1 degrees, resulting in the nose gear contacting the runway first and a hard landing. The Southwest Airlines captain who flew a Boeing 737 into the runway nose first at LaGuardia Airport last summer had been on the receiving end of multiple complaints by first officers at the airline who did not want to fly with her, according to an employee at the airline who asked not to be identified. 1 0 obj Overnight, the aircraft was removed from the runway. [12], The first officer, who was 44 years old, had 20 years of prior experience in the United States Air Force and had been hired by Southwest Airlines a year and a half before the accident.[12]. NTSB : Status: Investigation completed: Duration: 1 year and 1 months: Accident number: DCA09FA065: Download report: Summary report: Classification: Forced landing on runway. Want to receive some free swag from Christine? yI:'wRAA_JUiVXI_T1S_Jv|S;*fmJrMl@xkdBL8j&"\-{NtZb]S`J97BWaqdAFM1.%?JVbm9io~YL|_Z|qFRt9( [12] At 100200ft (3061m), the captain observed that the plane was still above the glide slope, and ordered the first officer to "get down" instead of aborting the landing. ($1&r/helkpfxi}HV5~aatiWl|6K;T;yn` *d@p~Y i[EWU7X](vwvO/Tl'Bde>(?>dDt -{A\ R!Ude~.O9WcGr b=Jd! :iU=dfb$aN((Z3d([^9uBf75]F~;L}G$@. Flight 345 from Nashville, Tenn., skidded off the runway Monday and came to rest on its nose after the front landing gear crumpled. "[12], On October 2, 2013, Southwest Airlines announced that it had fired Flight 345's captain. It is not hard to imagine this accident being tagged with the dreaded pilot error, but the way this particular captain presumably made other subordinate pilots feel on the flight deck, should not be discounted as unique. Why no one acted before? About 150 people were aboard the Boeing 737, and 16 passengers . 2023 Christine Negroni. Author of The New York Times bestseller, The Crash Detectives, I am also a journalist, public speaker and broadcaster specializing in aviation and travel. airplanes, an airline pilot told me. In addition, FBO-generated loads were transmitted to the fan cowl through the radial restraint fitting, which was not accounted for in the fan cowls design, and the stresses in the fan cowl were greater than those calculated in the certification analyses. Contributing to the accident were Southwest Airlines' 1) failure to provide its pilots with clear and consistent guidance and training regarding company policies and procedures related to arrival One fan cowl part that was recovered after the accident was the inboard fan cowl aft latch keeper. The NTSB update on Flight 345 was consistent with earlier . hb```f``2b`a`` BL@QAAo;l7ud^; zj*fF a\((88@`,MBZ,xu ]@l1=` 2 We made recommendations to the Federal Aviation Administration, Southwest Airlines and the European Aviation Safety Agency. << Welcome to the Community! /Count 5 Static files are no longer available. ntsb The nose landing gear of Southwest Flight 345, which had a very rough landing at NYC's LaGuardia Airport Monday afternoon, hit the ground before the plane's main gear did, the National . 13, which resulted in the fan blade separating in flight and impacting the engine fan case at a location that was critical to the structural integrity and performance of the fan cowl structure. The aircraft entered service in October 1999. According to FDR data, after the captain took control, the control column was relaxed to a neutral position and the throttles were not advanced until about 1 second before touchdown. << [3], The aircraft landed on runway 4 with its nose landing gear touching down prior to the main landing gear. (202) 314-6100, NTSB Issues 7 Safety Recommendations Based on Findings from Southwest Airlines Flight 1380 Investigation, WASHINGTON (Nov. 19, 2019) The National Transportation Safety Board determined during a public board meeting held Tuesday that a fractured fan blade, Left Engine Failure and Subsequent Depressurization, Southwest Airlines Flight 1380, Boeing 737-7H4, N772SW, National Transportation Safety Board 490 L'Enfant Plaza, SW Washington, DC 20594. A summary of her three-hour interview with the NTSB investigators says, the captain considered doing a go-around and that by the book, it would have been. The Southwest FOM also states that the captain can take control of the airplane for safety reasons; however, the captain's decision to take control of the airplane at 27 ft above the ground did not allow her adequate time to correct the airplane's deteriorating energy state and prevent the nose landing gear from striking the runway. Delta Retaliated Against Pilot By Sending Her to Shrink Judge Rules, Irony of Pilot Laying Blame On Pilots in Boeing 737 Max Disasters. There were 150 people on board including Customers and Crew. Chairman: Christopher Babcock Aerospace Engineer National Transportation Safety Board Member: Captain Jeff Hamlett Director of Flight Safety Southwest Airlines Member: Dave Keenan % 104 0 obj <>stream Aviation Hazardous Materials Highway Marine On July 22, 2013, the Boeing 737 operating the route suffered a front landing gear collapse while landing at LaGuardia Airport, injuring 9 people on board. Edit: additional info, they stated that there was a flap adjustment from 30 to 40 degrees 56 seconds out. Congressional and Regulatory Correspondence. [11][12] The NTSB discovered that Flight 345's captain had been the subject of multiple complaints by first officers who had flown with her. Both the obtained flight data and the available video record have the nose gear making contact with the ground before the main landing gear did, which is the opposite order from the normal landing sequence. The following are excerpts from the report. Theyre qualified but not adaptable, to create and execute a shared view of a successful flight. The fan blade fractured due to a low-cycle fatigue crack that initiated in the dovetail (part of the blade root), which remained within a slot of the fan disk. The NTSB determined that the captain's failure to take control until the plane had descended to only 27ft (8.2m) "did not allow her adequate time to correct the airplane's deteriorating energy state and prevent the nose landing gear from striking the runway. pic.twitter.com/vSqIMBNosc, This map shows the airport of departure and the intended destination of the flight. All human performance happens inside the framework of an organizations Policies and Procedures. who these people are!, These avoidance bid things, they are a clear indication of stream States, its territories and possessions, and in international waters. The airplane was powered by two General Electric/SNECMA CFM-56-3B1 engines. The left engine failure occurred when one of the fan blades fractured at its root (referred to as a fan-blade-out [FBO] event). Most reports focus on a single accident, though the NTSB also produces reports addressing issues common to a set of similar accidents. Southwest Airlines flight 345 landed at New Yorks LaGuardia at 5:40 PM Eastern Monday evening from Nashville. Placing crewmembers on the flight deck with known weaknesses in leadership and command is no different that placing substandard parts on the aircraft. The accident airplane, a Boeing 737-3H4, N632SW (serial number 27707 and line number 2799), was manufactured on May 22, 1996, and delivered new to Southwest Airlines on June 13, 1996. During the accident sequence, the fan blade fragments traveling forward of the fan case had a trajectory angle that was greater than that observed during the CFM56-7B engine FBO containment certification tests. There is lots of stuff here that no one wants to talk about, an airline captain recently told me. NTSB has stated that he was 2 degrees nose up 4 seconds to impact, but 3 degrees nose down on first touch, so he actually came in on the nose gear first, which resulted in collapse. such preference. She told me, the program is not intended to address safety concerns.. ECIs at the time of overhaul or ultrasonic inspections at the time of fan blade relubrication identified 15 blade cracks on separate engines (as of August 2019)., Congressional and Regulatory Correspondence. Published on July 28, 2013. /Type /Font The National Transportation Safety Board says Boeing needs to make the engine covers on its 737 NGs . Photo after evacuation. And indeed, the Air Line Pilots Association declined to speak to me when I put questions about this policy to the union on Tuesday. Boeing says it's working on fix. management is being purposefully ignored or simply misunderstood. Sign up for the mailing list! The . Location information available for most cases in the United States since 2002. [16][17] The accident represents the third hull loss of a Boeing 737-700. C'S?Cn$i8[Ma=[D7X:_Y0q lJCF5U:!Rg'-q;JQ|k]1Ps w j>sxf_-&m8.1(C|jk2a)%(duIqaS# After the August 2016 FBO event, CFM developed an on-wing ultrasonic inspection technique that could be performed at the time of fan blade relubrication. And will happen. The question we need to ask is, "Does the society and the traveling public need protection from the erring human, or does it need protection from a system that allowed the human to be in the position she was in despite having many indications that she was an under-performer and lacked CRM/team skills? Nice article. /Parent 11 0 R Access Now, Inc. v. Southwest Airlines Co. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Southwest_Airlines_Flight_345&oldid=1142966688, Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 737 Next Generation, Airliner accidents and incidents in New York City, Southwest Airlines accidents and incidents, Airliner accidents and incidents caused by pilot error, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the National Transportation Safety Board, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Landing gear collapse on landing due to pilot error. Southwest Airlines Co. All Rights Reserved. [3] The aircraft was ultimately removed from LaGuardia Airport via barge to the Port of Albany (New York) in November 2013, where the airframe was broken up by a salvage dealer at the Port of Albany in March 2014, with some parts trucked to Owego for final destruction. July 26, 2013 -- The Southwest plane that landed hard at LaGuardia Airport earlier this week touch downed on its front nose wheel before the main landing gear, causing the jet to skid more than . The flight had departed from LaGuardia Airport, Queens, New York, about 30 minutes earlier. Trajectory of the inboard aft latch keeper during the accident sequence., We determinedthat the probable cause of this accident was a low-cycle fatigue crack in the dovetail of fan blade No. Southwest is working with both the NTSB and Boeing in a preliminary investigation of this event. (NTSB) revealed that the captain had changed the flap setting from 30 degrees to 40 degrees 56 seconds before landing. CRM failures, my friend at Southwest told me of Flight 345, which cost the pilot her job, destroyed the 13-year old airplane, injured nine, but took no lives. SWAPA is the southwest pilots own union. Two hours later, the airport's other runway reopened for traffic. 2019 The nose gear of Southwest Airlines Flight 345 arriving from Nashville, Tenn., collapsed Monday right after the plane touched down on the runway. On Sept. 18, 2002, data from 1962-1982 were added to the aviation accident information. Of the 144 passengers and 5 crewmembers on board, 8 sustained minor injuries, and the airplane was substantially damaged. [13] The NTSB's investigation became focused on the behavior of the flight crew during Flight 345's approach into LaGuardia Airport. It is preliminary and is based on the facts as they are known at this time. [9], The aircraft (built in October 1999) was a 13-year-old Boeing 737-700, registration number N753SW, owned and operated by Southwest Airlines. endobj Southwest Airlines flight 345 landed at New York's LaGuardia at 5:40 PM Eastern Monday evening from Nashville. Full narrative descriptions may not be available 5 0 obj Because poor organizational management will sooner than later defeat the human and precipitate an error. of similar accidents. The flight landed safely without incident at Pensacola International Airport at 9:40 a.m. central time . Indicates external site which may or may not meet accessibility guidelines. The format and type of data contained in the earlier briefs may differ from later reports. << Southwest Airlines Flight 345 was a scheduled flight from Nashville International Airport, Tennessee, to New York City 's LaGuardia Airport. One fan cowl fragment impacted the left-side fuselage near a cabin window, and the window departed the airplane, which resulted in a rapid depressurization. to query help for limitations of location information. /LastChar 255 endobj For the full report, use the link listed below. /Annots 7 0 R >> with up to three captains without the necessity of providing any reason for Of the 144 passengers and 5 crewmembers on board, 8 sustained minor injuries, and the airplane was substantially damaged. Safety is the business of the Accountable Manager and the Accountable manager needed to speak, think and act BEFORE the accident, not now, when it has already occured. Jxeujavxku The left side of the fuselage near the location of the missing cabin window (row 14) had impact damage and witness marks that were consistent with the size and shape of the inboard fan cowl aft latch keeper and surrounding structure. The National Transportation Safety Board is still investigating what happened on Flight 345 to make the plane go crashing nose wheel landing gear-first, onto runway 4 on a grey day in July 2013. /Length 2579 The NTSB has released its preliminary report from that accident, which occurred on February 5, 2016, at about 1157 mountain standard time. A management issue? Accident Reports are one of the main products of an NTSB investigation. /Parent 5 0 R for dates before 1993, cases under revision, or where NTSB did not have primary The airline also announced that it was requiring Flight 345's first officer to undergo additional training. Enter for a Chance to Win the Breathtaking Beats Sweepstakes, Three Days Only: Southwest Launches Limited-Time Promotional Companion Pass Offer, What to Watch on Your Southwest Flight in April, Say Aloha to Imua One, an Aircraft Dedicated to Our Employees and the People of Hawaii. This deformation traveled both around and forward/aft of the fan case. The Aviation Safety Network is an exclusive service provided by: Southwest Airlines flight 345, a Boeing 737-700, suffered a nose gear collapse during a hard landing on runway 4 at New York-LaGuardia Airport (LGA), USA. HISTORY OF FLIGHT On July 22, 2013, about 1744 eastern daylight time (EDT), a Boeing 737-700, N753SW, operated as Southwest Airlines (SWA) flight 345, had a nose gear collapse during a hard landing on runway 4 at LaGuardia Airport (LGA), Flushing, Queens, New York. Corporate Citizenship . /TT0 4 0 R /ColorSpace /Widths [750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 750 278 278 355 556 556 889 667 191 333 333 389 584 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 278 584 584 584 556 1015 667 667 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 500 667 556 833 722 778 667 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 278 278 278 469 556 333 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 222 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 334 260 334 584 350 556 350 222 556 333 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 350 611 350 350 222 222 333 333 350 556 1000 333 1000 500 333 944 350 500 667 278 333 556 556 556 556 260 556 333 737 370 556 584 333 737 552 400 549 333 333 333 576 537 333 333 333 365 556 834 834 834 611 667 667 667 667 667 667 1000 722 667 667 667 667 278 278 278 278 722 722 778 778 778 778 778 584 778 722 722 722 722 667 667 611 556 556 556 556 556 556 889 500 556 556 556 556 278 278 278 278 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 549 611 556 556 556 556 500 556 500] Sunday. The Crash Landing of Southwest 345. On July 22, . /BaseFont /ArialMT The line between the airports does. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0] .'JNKfc_/*wFnM@1w6A,:yGqSr 5rx&P23G!&t8`4 Sb EUx_`HC7[A. [12] The plane was descending at 960ft/min (4.9m/s) in a nose-down position when its nose wheel struck the runway. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-3T5, registration N668SW, [2] came to rest on a city street adjacent to a gas station. In a case such as this at LaGuardia with a hull loss, does the plane get stripped at the site and carted off on trucks? There are certain people who should not be flying The regularly scheduled domestic passenger flight was operating under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 121 with a destination of Dallas Love Field, Dallas, Texas. /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding endobj On July 22, 2013, the Boeing 737 operating the route suffered a front landing gear collapse while landing at LaGuardia Airport, injuring 9 people on board. Southwest Airlines Flight 345 . hbbd``b`:$ H @'Hp{ $@J20Kg The crack on the fan blade involved in the PHL accident was also not detected during the on-wing fan blade visual inspections (subsequent to the overhaul) that were conducted as part of fan blade relubrications, which CFM recommended to maintain the fan blade loads within the predicted range and prevent wear on the fan disk and the fan blade dovetail coating. It won't be flying again", "NTSB Issues Investigative Update into Southwest Flight 345 Accident at LaGuardia Airport in New York", "Accident description (Type: Boeing 737-7H4 (WL), Operator: Southwest Airlines, Registration: N753SW)", "Accident: Southwest B737 at New York on Jul 22nd 2013, nose gear collapse on landing", "Landing gear punched into Southwest 737 jet on landing, NTSB says", "Flight's nose gear collapses as it lands at New York's LaGuardia", "Southwest jet's landing gear collapses on landing, injuring 10", "N753SW Southwest Airlines Boeing 737-700", "Pilots Didn't Want to Fly With Capt. >> 4 0 obj Will Jeff Epsteins Popular Global Girl Face Sex Crime Charges Too? ", Nashville International Airport, TN (BNA/KBNA), New York-La Guardia Airport, NY (LGA/KLGA), Jet bound for scrap (Times Union, 29-1-2014), Accident investigation report completed and information captured. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-700, was last inspected July 18, 2013. civil aviation accidents and selected incidents within the United The NTSB has released the following details: "Flaps on SWA 737-700 were set from 30 to 40 degrees about 56 seconds prior to touchdown at LGA. /CS0 2 0 R You can follow updates from the NTSB on twitter at @NTSB_Newsroom. B738. >> Reports provide details about the accident, analysis of the factual data, conclusions and the probable cause of the accident, and the related safety recommendations. This crash reminds me of the crash in San Francisco where no one questioned captain "Way too Low", I am sorry, but I can not agree with views expressed. Nose Down Landing, Southwest Airlines Flight 345 Investigation Details Completed Investigation Aviation Investigation No DCA13FA131 Event Date 7/22/2013 Location New York, NY Family Assistance Contact assistance@ntsb.gov Media Relations Contact NTSB Media Relations Keith Holloway (202) 314-6100 Docket DCA13FA131 if the FO was going to turn her in to her chief pilot. Most reports focus on a single accident, though the NTSB also produces reports addressing issues common to a set The report said that flight crew's performance was indicative of poor crew resource management. [1][5][8][10], Flight 345's captain, who was 49 years old, had flown for Southwest Airlines for nearly 13 years, six years in the rank as captain. At the time of the accident, the airplane had 48,748 total hours with 39,786 total cycles. This accident along with so many other approach and landing accidents is much more a function of leadership, command and judgement than it is airmanship. NTSB Media Relations Unless we correct those, there is no way to stop these events from occuring. Your email address will not be published. /Type /Pages Accident data suggest that pilots often fail to perform a go-around or missed approach when stabilized approach criteria are not met. After an August 2016 FBO event involving another SWA 737-700 airplane equipped with CFM56-7B engines, which landed safely at Pensacola International Airport, Pensacola, Florida, CFM developed an eddy current inspection (ECI) procedure to be performed at overhaul (in addition to the FPI that was already required). [15], The Boeing 737 involved in the accident, worth an estimated $15.5 million at the time, was found to be too extensively damaged to be repaired and was written off as a total loss. :Q*P+Z.CiiC~BP%3YlD7q'9"D}og76{grJ4WJlg0NvXTL`|1sb#-`i%]g5&b"e'`n4h{7. 2 0 obj [/ICCBased 8 0 R] The engine cowl was broken in the failure and cowl fragments damaged the fuselage, causing explosive depressurization of the aircraft after damaging a cabin window. National Transportation Safety Board 490 L'Enfant Plaza, SW Washington, DC 20594. [5][6][7] The aircraft slid 2,175 feet (663m) on its nose along the runway, arresting off to the right of the runway pavement. A prime example of what can go wrong when a plane's nose gear touches down first is Southwest Airlines Flight 345. Southwest Airlines says giving first officers the ability to decline to fly with captains does not require them to declare the reason, which is a shame since Southwest and every other airline doing this could be sitting on a /Type /Font Le vol Eastern Air Lines 66 est un vol rgulier de la Nouvelle-Orlans New York qui s'est cras le 24 juin 1975 alors qu'il approchait de l'aroport international John F. Kennedy de New York, tuant 113 des 124 personnes bord.Il a t dtermin que l'accident a t caus par le cisaillement du vent caus par une microrafale.L'incapacit des contrleurs ariens et de l . The aircraft came to rest 19 seconds after touchdown. On July 22, 2013, A Boeing 737, Operated As Southwest Airlines Flight 345, Landed Hard, Nose-First, On Runway 4 At LGA The NTSB found the captain's attempt to recover from an unstabilized. f)zL9q/+E.'6'p*zbA# R205R={"VBWAEt~si[\=D M?Xfz%0Af[Yaw,KH)QLjL@+ %`ZUjNY ^;W6 2PFCf% 7UM,C2p mhOr)d)j-&pa5xDWxPoTEJkkB`;%I jaC`FlBEJ /eQDvB9jl]g:Nb^ynNOU@jmSc2x: zyse+ NTSB . Who Crash-Landed SW Flight 345", "NTSB: Southwest nose landing at LaGuardia was captain's fault", "NTSB captain took over Southwest Airlines flight just before landing at New York LaGuardia", "Southwest fires pilot whose nosedive landing at LaGuardia Airport injured 16", "Southwest Airlines fires captain involved in rough NYC landing", "Albany scrap yard prepares Southwest jet for shredding". It doesnt get handed to you on a silver platter better than this.. While the NTSB has already called for action following the engine on this 737 Next Generation, its final report closes the investigation and emphasizes how it was a piece of the cowling, and . the accident and its probable cause. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-700, was last inspected July 18 . They reamin WaitingTo Happen! completed, the preliminary report is replaced with a final description of Join FlightAware View more flight history Purchase entire flight history for SWA3345. Some of the fan blade fragments traveled forward of the engine and into the inlet.2 In addition, the fan blades impact with the fan case caused the fan case to deform locally over a short period of time. Generally, 77 0 obj <> endobj endobj Privacy Policy. It is not intended to make up for known deficiencies. [14][15] Neither pilot was publicly identified by the airline. The NTSB tonight released the details of the last few seconds of Southwest flight 345, confirming that the Boeing 737 did indeed land nosegear first. I read somewhere that technically what we experienced isn't considered a crash landing, but in my mind when a plane hits the runway nose first, crushes the front landing gear, and skids 2,175 feet in a shower of . On Oct. 2, 2001, minor cases which do not fall under the definition of "accident" or "incident" were removed from the database; these entries were previously identified with "SA" in the accident number. Get started here. Contributing to the accident was the captain's failure to comply with standard operating procedures. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0] << It is a symptom of a disease called "Poor Organizational Management". The airplane came to a stop on the right side of the runway centerline about 2,500 ft from its initial touchdown. The process, called a bid avoidance, is not unique to Southwest. . At that time, the overhaul process included a fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) to detect cracks; however, the crack was not detected for unknown reasons. /Subtype /TrueType >> Follow-up / safety actions. Brandy King, a spokeswoman for the airline explained as part of its labor contract with pilots, first officers can express a preference not to fly [12] At an altitude of only 27ft (8.2m) and 3 seconds from touching down, the captain took control of the aircraft from the first officer. Such accidents will continue to happen unless we can think beyond the Pilots. /FontDescriptor 9 0 R Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. All Rights Reserved. endobj Every airline has the kind of pilot, best described in Skygods, Robert Gandts book on the collapse of aviation giant, Pan Am. /Rotate 0 A spokeswoman for Southwest told the Associated Press the landing was not "in accordance" with operating procedures for the airline. Reports provide details about the accident, On July 26, 2013, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) issued a press release disclosing its initial findings, which included: No mechanical malfunctions were found, but the nose landing gear collapsed due to stress overload. Use of the Southwest websites and our Company This damage then propagated forward and aft, severing the three latch assemblies that joined the inboard and outboard halves of the fan cowl, which caused large portions of both fan cowl halves to separate and depart the airplane. Operator: Southwest Airlines, Flight 345 Registration: N753SW NTSB Number: DCA13FA131 2. but there was no leadership to support the change. Even more reason then that when an airline has information about difficult captains it should use it to provide said captains with more training, counseling or if necessary, to show them the door, before a difficult situation becomes a catastrophe. NTSB recommends changes following fatal Southwest accident. You must be a registered user to add a comment. endstream endobj startxref /Contents 6 0 R I think a distintion should be made though. /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding In some instances, the air traffic control (ATC) transcript indicates times that are different from those in the CVR transcript. 06:06AM EDT Tampa Intl - TPA. Its not clear to me that all pilots understand that distinction.
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